IntroductionOne of the most influential groups in shaping interactive
computing as we know it was based at MIT's Lincoln Lab between about 1953
and 1969. The focal point of the group was the TX-2 computer (and its predecessor,
the TX-0), designed by Wesley Clark.
As a direct beneficiary of this work (Ron Baecker who did his PhD there was one of my main mentors during my graduate student days), I have always held it in high esteem. I have also always felt that it has not gotten the attention that it deserved. This came to a head when I had the privilege to meet and work with Bert Sutherland in 2001. I knew of Bert, but had never seen the film of the graphical programming system that he had done for his 1966 PhD thesis. Exposure to it spurred me into action, with the result that at the 2005 SIGCHI conference, I organized a panel which highlighted the work of the group, and its relevance to computing and research today. My purpose with this web page is to provide a portal to the archival relating to the work of this group, including videos of their work, links to articles and theses documenting their work, and a video of the SIGCHI panel itself. In addition, it is my intention to record interviews with some of the key players in the lab who were unable to attend the panel. That is, of course, a big promise. Especially if one wants to "do it right", and properly index the material, etc. The good news is that several people have volunteered to help, including the Knowledge Media Design Institute of the University of Toronto. All of this takes time, so this page is a work-in-progress. So return from time to time in order to check what is new. In the meantime, please cut me some slack about bad
web design, etc. Of course, in the spirit of open source, if you want to
redesign it and send me another version, that would be more than welcome.
For the time being, I hope that what I have gotten up is of interest and
value. And, of course, I welcome feedback, suggestions, etc., and will
do my best to respond promptly.
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Looking down the memory bank to the
Bert Sutherland at the console of the TX-2
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2005 SIGCHI Panel
A video of the actual panel, including copies of the the film clips used as examples is now on line: I also prepared an comprehensive write-up on the panel which appeared in the conference proceedings
It provides an overview of the work of the
group, as well as the panel itself. I hope that the bibliography/references
section of the write-up is of particular help. Much of the published
work is hard to find, and a lot of the references that I found in doing my
research (especially those on the Internet) were wrong or had mistakes in
them. I checked all of them, which will hope will save you some time.
1989 SIGGRAPH Panel:
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2005 SIGCHI Panel, April 6, 2005, Portland Oregon.
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Olsen, Kenneth H. (1957). Transistor Circuitry in the Lincoln TX-2, Proceedings of the Western Joint Computer Conference (WJCC), 167-171.
Also, there are some links to some excellent information on both the TX0 and TX2 computers (thanks to Al Kossow for pointing them out to me).
This link provides access to technical and other information on the TX-0, including the instruction set, flexowriter codes, pictures, memos and listings:
http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/mit/tx-0
Tix0.org is a web site devoted to all things TX-0. The following example page gives an overview of the people that worked on the machine and some of the remarkable things that they did with it:
This link provides access to manuals, handbooks, programming examples and circuitry of the TX-2: